章节研读

撒母耳记上 3 章 —— 撒母耳蒙召

在异象稀少的日子里，耶和华在示罗的会幕中三次呼召年幼的撒母耳；在以利的指导下，撒母耳学会如何回应，随后被告知审判将临到以利家。

经文

1.童子撒母耳在以利面前事奉耶和華。當那些日子，耶和華的言語稀少，不常有默示。And the child Samuel ministered unto Jehovah before Eli. And the word of Jehovah was precious in those days; there was no frequent vision.
2.一日，以利睡臥在自己的地方；他眼目昏花，看不分明。And it came to pass at that time, when Eli was laid down in his place (now his eyes had begun to wax dim, so that he could not see),
3.神的燈在　神耶和華殿內約櫃那裡，還沒有熄滅，撒母耳已經睡了。and the lamp of God was not yet gone out, and Samuel was laid down to sleep, in the temple of Jehovah, where the ark of God was;
4.耶和華呼喚撒母耳。撒母耳說：我在這裡！that Jehovah called Samuel; and he said, Here am I.
5.就跑到以利那裡，說：你呼喚我？我在這裡。以利回答說：我沒有呼喚你，你去睡罷。他就去睡了。And he ran unto Eli, and said, Here am I; for thou calledst me. And he said, I called not; lie down again. And he went and lay down.
6.耶和華又呼喚撒母耳。撒母耳起來，到以利那裡，說：你呼喚我？我在這裡。以利回答說：我的兒，我沒有呼喚你，你去睡罷。And Jehovah called yet again, Samuel. And Samuel arose and went to Eli, and said, Here am I; for thou calledst me. And he answered, I called not, my son; lie down again.
7.那時撒母耳還未認識耶和華，也未得耶和華的默示。Now Samuel did not yet know Jehovah, neither was the word of Jehovah yet revealed unto him.
8.耶和華第三次呼喚撒母耳。撒母耳起來，到以利那裡，說：你又呼喚我？我在這裡。以利才明白是耶和華呼喚童子。And Jehovah called Samuel again the third time. And he arose and went to Eli, and said, Here am I; for thou calledst me. And Eli perceived that Jehovah had called the child.
9.因此以利對撒母耳說：你仍去睡罷；若再呼喚你，你就說：耶和華啊，請說，僕人敬聽！撒母耳就去，仍睡在原處。Therefore Eli said unto Samuel, Go, lie down: and it shall be, if he call thee, that thou shalt say, Speak, Jehovah; for thy servant heareth. So Samuel went and lay down in his place.
10.耶和華又來站著，像前三次呼喚說：撒母耳啊！撒母耳啊！撒母耳回答說：請說，僕人敬聽！And Jehovah came, and stood, and called as at other times, Samuel, Samuel. Then Samuel said, Speak; for thy servant heareth.
11.耶和華對撒母耳說：我在以色列中必行一件事，叫聽見的人都必耳鳴。And Jehovah said to Samuel, Behold, I will do a thing in Israel, at which both the ears of every one that heareth it shall tingle.
12.我指著以利家所說的話，到了時候，我必始終應驗在以利身上。In that day I will perform against Eli all that I have spoken concerning his house, from the beginning even unto the end.
13.我曾告訴他必永遠降罰與他的家，因他知道兒子作孽，自招咒詛，卻不禁止他們。For I have told him that I will judge his house for ever, for the iniquity which he knew, because his sons did bring a curse upon themselves, and he restrained them not.
14.所以我向以利家起誓說：以利家的罪孽，雖獻祭奉禮物，永不能得贖去。And therefore I have sworn unto the house of Eli, that the iniquity of Eli's house shall not be expiated with sacrifice nor offering for ever.
15.撒母耳睡到天亮，就開了耶和華的殿門，不敢將默示告訴以利。And Samuel lay until the morning, and opened the doors of the house of Jehovah. And Samuel feared to show Eli the vision.
16.以利呼喚撒母耳說：我兒撒母耳啊！撒母耳回答說：我在這裡！Then Eli called Samuel, and said, Samuel, my son. And he said, Here am I.
17.以利說：耶和華對你說甚麼，你不要向我隱瞞；你若將　神對你所說的隱瞞一句，願他重重地降罰與你。And he said, What is the thing that Jehovah hath spoken unto thee? I pray thee, hide it not from me: God do so to thee, and more also, if thou hide anything from me of all the things that he spake unto thee.
18.撒母耳就把一切話都告訴了以利，並沒有隱瞞。以利說：這是出於耶和華，願他憑自己的意旨而行。And Samuel told him every whit, and hid nothing from him. And he said, It is Jehovah: let him do what seemeth him good.
19.撒母耳長大了，耶和華與他同在，使他所說的話一句都不落空。And Samuel grew, and Jehovah was with him, and did let none of his words fall to the ground.
20.從但到別是巴所有的以色列人都知道耶和華立撒母耳為先知。And all Israel from Dan even to Beer-sheba knew that Samuel was established to be a prophet of Jehovah.
21.耶和華又在示羅顯現；因為耶和華將自己的話默示撒母耳，撒母耳就把這話傳遍以色列地。And Jehovah appeared again in Shiloh; for Jehovah revealed himself to Samuel in Shiloh by the word of Jehovah.

这段经文的意思

本章在第 1 节以两个鲜明的对比开篇：童子撒母耳「在以利面前事奉耶和华」，然而「当那些日子，耶和华的言语稀少，没有常见的异象」。圣所中的事奉仍在继续，但来自神的直接启示性话语却已变得罕见。这为下文奠定了基调——接下来所发生的，正是神在这段沉默期中的突然介入。

第 4 至 10 节中的三次呼召构成本章的文学核心。撒母耳「那时还不认识耶和华，耶和华的话也未曾向他显现」（第 7 节），误将神的声音当作以利的呼唤。直到第三次呼召之后，以利才「明白是耶和华呼召童子」（第 8 节），并指示他说：「你说吧，耶和华啊，你的仆人敬听。」这种重复既凸显了撒母耳的缺乏经验，也示范了聆听神取决于何种心态——他在信息临到之前，就已被告知该如何回应。

第 11 至 14 节传达了信息本身：对以利家的审判，因为他未曾约束自己的儿子。随后本章以确立撒母耳先知职分的话语作结——「耶和华与他同在，使他所说的话一句都不落空」（第 19 节），「以色列全……都知道撒母耳已被立为耶和华的先知」（第 20 节）。本章讲述的是先知权威从失职的祭司以利转移到年轻先知撒母耳的过渡。

背景

所提供的内容将本章置于一个神启示性话语变得「稀少」、异象不再「广传」的时期（第 1 节）。以利儿子的状况——他们「不认识耶和华」，并「自招咒诅」——以及以利未能约束他们，构成了背景，正是在此背景中，耶和华宣告以利家的罪孽无法藉任何祭物或供物挽回（第 12–14 节）。本章以撒母耳在神的约柜所在的殿中沉睡、灯尚未熄灭（第 3 节）开篇，又以「耶和华又在示罗显现，因为耶和华将自己的话默示撒母耳」（第 21 节）收束。

所提供的交叉引用强化了本章的两个主题：耶和华话语稀少的时期（阿摩司书 8:11–12；诗篇 74:9），以及真正的先知话语一句都不落空的原则（列王纪上 8:56；撒母耳记上 9:6）。两者共同将撒母耳记上第 3 章定位为：既是对「听道饥荒」的回应，也是一位话语真实可信之先知的兴起。

原文关键词

H3368 第 1 节中的希伯来词（yāqār，意为「稀少/宝贵」）用于指极为珍贵之物。当用于「耶和华的话」时，暗示这番话之所以被珍视，正因它极其罕有——这是一种不同寻常的用法，阿摩司书 8:11–12（「听耶和华的话的饥荒」）的交叉引用呼应了这一点。
H2377 第 1 节中的术语 ḥāzôn（「异象」）特指当时已变得不寻常的那种启示形式。与「广传」（H6555，nip̄rāṣ，意为「涌出、蔓延」）相搭配，此节将单一的、有限的异象与不再「涌流而出」的异象之流形成对比。
H5288 第 1 节中的词 nnaʿar（「童子」）广义上指从婴孩到青少年阶段的少年，此处用于撒母耳。「童子撒母耳」这一不同寻常的限定，强调了按通常标准而言，这位如今蒙召者尚不具备领受启示的资格。

常见问题

撒母耳为何一再跑到以利那里？

根据第 7 节，「那时撒母耳还不认识耶和华，耶和华的话也未曾向他显明」。他在殿中长大，却从未亲身经历过神说话，因此他能将这呼召之声归之于的，就只有以利。

以利本该怎样对待他的儿子？

第 13 节指明了罪状：「他的儿子自招咒诅，他却没有禁止他们」。身为大祭司和父亲，以利有权因他们在圣所中的行为而管教他们；本章以他的失职作为以利家罪无可赎的根据。

第 14 节的「永」（原文作「永远」）是否意味着以利家永远无法悔改？

第 14 节具体说明了无法挽回的是什么——「献祭或供物，都永远不能赎」。措辞针对的是祭祀制度本身：既已犯下的罪孽，无法再以任何礼仪了结。至于这是否排除了将来任何怜悯的可能性，则超出了本章本身所能解答的范围。

继续研读

在阅读器里读书卷导读

撒母耳记上 3 章 —— 撒母耳蒙召

经文

这段经文的意思

背景

原文关键词

相关经文

常见问题

继续研读