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Catholic doctrine based on Matthew 16:18, affirming Peter as the chief apostle and his successors, the popes, as supreme pastors of the Church.

Catholic doctrine based on Matthew 16:18, affirming Peter as the chief apostle and his successors, the popes, as supreme pastors of the Church.

Active trust and faithfulness directed toward God, whose fame spread throughout the region as a model for all believers.

Active trust and faithfulness directed toward God, whose fame spread throughout the region as a model for all believers.

The name Jesus gave Peter, symbolizing his foundational role in the Church, interpreted as the papacy's basis.

The name Jesus gave Peter, symbolizing his foundational role in the Church, interpreted as the papacy's basis.

The rock at Horeb struck by Moses to provide water, typifying Christ's redemptive provision for His people.

The rock at Horeb struck by Moses to provide water, typifying Christ's redemptive provision for His people.

God described as a reliable Rock, symbolizing His perfection, justice, and faithfulness.

God described as a reliable Rock, symbolizing His perfection, justice, and faithfulness.

A metaphor for God's stability, reliability, and protection, emphasizing Him as a secure refuge for believers.

A metaphor for God's stability, reliability, and protection, emphasizing Him as a secure refuge for believers.