经文研读
1 Chronicles 29:11 — David's Doxology of YHWH's Kingdom
David's prayer of praise declaring that all greatness, power, glory, victory, majesty, and the kingdom belong to YHWH, who is exalted as head over all.
经文
- 11.耶 和 華 啊 ， 尊 大 、 能 力 、 榮 耀 、 強 勝 、 威 嚴 都 是 你 的 ； 凡 天 上 地 下 的 都 是 你 的 ； 國 度 也 是 你 的 ， 並 且 你 為 至 高 ， 為 萬 有 之 首 。Thine, O Jehovah, is the greatness, and the power, and the glory, and the victory, and the majesty: for all that is in the heavens and in the earth is thine; thine is the kingdom, O Jehovah, and thou art exalted as head above all.
这段经文的意思
The verse opens with a fivefold declaration of attributes that belong to YHWH: greatness (גְּדֻלָּה), power (גְּבוּרָה), glory (תִּפְאֶרֶת), victory (נֵצַח), and majesty (הוֹד). By stacking these terms in a single sentence, David attributes to God every dimension of honor a king might claim for himself. The repetition functions as a rhetorical crescendo, leaving no attribute of kingship unattributed to its divine source.
The middle clause supplies the reason: "for all that is in the heavens and in the earth is thine." The universal scope — heaven and earth — grounds the five attributes in a claim of comprehensive ownership. The verse then narrows to a specific category, "thine is the kingdom" (הַמַּמְלָכָה), identifying kingship itself as YHWH's possession rather than any human dynasty's.
The closing line, "and thou art exalted as head above all" (וְנִשְׂאֵית לְרֹאשׁ עַל כֹּל), presents YHWH as the supreme ruler. The language of being "head over all" reinforces that YHWH's kingship is not merely one among many but stands above every other authority. The verse thus establishes God's sovereignty as the theological foundation for the people's voluntary offering described earlier in the chapter.
背景
Verse 11 sits at the heart of David's prayer of praise (vv. 10–13), which he offered before the assembly after the leaders and people had given willingly for the building of the temple (vv. 6–9). The doxology directly responds to the generosity described just before it: because all things come from YHWH, the people's willing offerings are themselves a return of what was already his.
The verses that follow elaborate the same theology of divine ownership. Verse 12 adds that riches and honor come from God, and verse 14 acknowledges, "all things come of thee, and of thine own have we given thee." Verse 11 therefore functions as the theological pivot of David's prayer, framing the entire offering narrative within a confession of YHWH's universal sovereignty.
常见问题
Why does David list five attributes of God in 1 Chronicles 29:11?
The five attributes — greatness, power, glory, victory, and majesty — exhaust the qualities typically associated with kingship. By assigning all of them to YHWH, David declares that no royal honor exists apart from God, setting the theological basis for the people's offering.
What does "thine is the kingdom" mean in this verse?
It identifies kingship itself as belonging to YHWH rather than to any human dynasty. In the immediate context, this grounds David's confidence that Solomon's reign, and the temple project, rest on divine sovereignty rather than human achievement.
How does verse 11 relate to the voluntary offering described earlier in the chapter?
Because all things in heaven and earth already belong to YHWH, the people's willing gifts are understood not as a transfer of ownership but as a return of what was already God's. The doxology thus reframes the entire offering as an act of worship rather than mere fundraising.