BIBLE BOOK GUIDE
Jeremiah
52 chapters
Jeremiah is the word of the Lord spoken through the prophet before and after Judah's fall, proclaiming judgment for unfaithfulness and mercy through a coming new covenant and ultimate restoration.
Jeremiah
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Why this book was written
Written during the final decades of Judah (c. 627–586 BC) and addressed to Judeans before and after the exile, Jeremiah warns that persistent covenant unfaithfulness and idolatry will bring Babylonian judgment. Through laments and personal confession he expresses God's broken heart, while pointing forward to forgiveness, restoration, the New Covenant, the Messianic reign, and the nations' future—all to call hopeless hearers to trust in the Lord's faithfulness.
Structure
- 1–20The Lord Calls Through Jeremiah and Pronounces Judgment
- 21–29Kings, False Prophets, and the People's Rebellion
- 30–33Restoration, the New Covenant, and the Coming Messiah
- 34–45Faithfulness and Struggle in the Final Years
- 46–51Oracles Against the Nations
- 52Appendix: The Fall of Jerusalem and Lasting Hope
Major themes
Judgment and Justice
Jeremiah proclaims that Judah will face Babylonian judgment for covenant unfaithfulness, idolatry, and injustice (Jer 4:5-31; 21:1-14). God's righteousness demands that sin be punished.
New Covenant and Renewal
Amid judgment, God promises a new covenant, writing His law on hearts and forgiving iniquity (Jer 31:31-34). This new covenant points to a more complete redemption and inner renewal.
Prophetic Mission and Suffering
Jeremiah is called to be a prophet to the nations (Jer 1:5) yet endures rejection, persecution, and inner anguish (Jer 11:18-23; 20:7-18), revealing the cost of faithfulness to God's word.
Repentance and Return
God repeatedly calls His people to repent and return, saying 'Return, thou backsliding Israel' (Jer 3:12-14; 25:5-6), revealing His merciful desire that they turn back to Him.
God's Faithfulness and Sovereignty
Despite Israel's unfaithfulness, God remains faithful to His covenants with Abraham and David (Jer 33:14-26) and sovereign over history, even using Babylon as an instrument of judgment (Jer 25:9-11).
Hope and Restoration
In the shadow of exile, God promises to redeem a remnant from the north, restore them to their land, and raise up a righteous Branch (Jer 23:5-6; 30:10-11; 32:36-44).
How it points to Christ
Jeremiah points to Christ in several ways: (1) The 'Righteous Branch' of Jer 23:5-6, a Davidic King who reigns in righteousness, applied in the New Testament to Jesus (Luke 1:68-79); (2) The 'New Covenant' of Jer 31:31-34 is applied in Hebrews 8-10 to Christ, who establishes it by His own blood and secures full forgiveness of sins; (3) Jeremiah as the 'weeping prophet' prefigures Christ's grief and rejection (Luke 19:41-44); (4) Jeremiah's being cast into the cistern and delivered (Jer 38) foreshadows Christ's death and resurrection. The whole book anticipates the Messiah who fulfills redemption and brings the new covenant to fruition.
Key verses
- 1:5The Lord appointed Jeremiah as a prophet to the nations before birth, grounding the book's prophetic mission.
- 9:23–24True boasting is not in wisdom, power, or wealth, but in knowing the Lord and practicing justice and righteousness.
- 23:5–6The messianic promise of 'the Lord Our Righteous Savior' anchors the book's hope.
- 29:11–13God's plans for peace and a future call the exiles to seek Him in prayer while they wait.
- 31:31–34The New Covenant promise—law written on hearts, forgiveness of sin, intimate knowledge of God—is a key OT text for NT theology.
- 33:2The Lord pledges by His own name to fulfill His word of salvation and restoration.
- 45:5God promises to preserve the faithful scribe Baruch, encouraging all who follow Him through crisis.
- 52:31–34The book closes with Jehoiachin's elevation, echoing the promise of restored Davidic rule and leaving a spark of hope.
Films & series on Jeremiah
Each has a guide: scripture sources, where it departs from the Bible, discussion questions, and where to watch
Reflections on Jeremiah
People in this book
Questions for reflection
- ·Jeremiah in Jer 20:7-9 laments being mocked yet unable to stop speaking God's word. How does this challenge me to choose between faithfulness to truth and being well-liked in my own walk of faith?
- ·God promises in Jer 31:31-34 to write His law on hearts, not on tablets of stone. What does this teach me about the gospel as inward renewal rather than mere external compliance?
- ·Israel repeatedly ignored God's call to repent through the prophets (Jer 25:3-7). Do I likewise harden my heart when God prompts me through Scripture, the Spirit, or fellow believers?
- ·God declares, 'I know the thoughts that I think toward you, thoughts of peace, and not of evil' (Jer 29:11). In difficulty or disappointment, how can I more faithfully hold on to this promise of the God of peace?
- ·Jeremiah weeps and intercedes for his people (Jer 9:1; 14:7-9). How does this stir me to intercede with tears for those who do not yet know God—my family, neighbors, and others?
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Chapter 23
1Woe unto the shepherds that destroy and scatter the sheep of my pasture! saith Jehovah.
2Therefore thus saith Jehovah, the God of Israel, against the shepherds that feed my people: Ye have scattered my flock, and driven them away, and have not visited them; behold, I will visit upon you the evil of your doings, saith Jehovah.
3And I will gather the remnant of my flock out of all the countries whither I have driven them, and will bring them again to their folds; and they shall be fruitful and multiply.
4And I will set up shepherds over them, who shall feed them; and they shall fear no more, nor be dismayed, neither shall any be lacking, saith Jehovah.
5Behold, the days come, saith Jehovah, that I will raise unto David a righteous Branch, and he shall reign as king and deal wisely, and shall execute justice and righteousness in the land.
6In his days Judah shall be saved, and Israel shall dwell safely; and this is his name whereby he shall be called: Jehovah our righteousness.
7Therefore, behold, the days come, saith Jehovah, that they shall no more say, As Jehovah liveth, who brought up the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt;
8but, As Jehovah liveth, who brought up and who led the seed of the house of Israel out of the north country, and from all the countries whither I had driven them. And they shall dwell in their own land.
9Concerning the prophets. My heart within me is broken, all my bones shake; I am like a drunken man, and like a man whom wine hath overcome, because of Jehovah, and because of his holy words.
10For the land is full of adulterers; for because of swearing the land mourneth; the pastures of the wilderness are dried up. And their course is evil, and their might is not right;
11for both prophet and priest are profane; yea, in my house have I found their wickedness, saith Jehovah.
12Wherefore their way shall be unto them as slippery places in the darkness: they shall be driven on, and fall therein; for I will bring evil upon them, even the year of their visitation, saith Jehovah.
13And I have seen folly in the prophets of Samaria; they prophesied by Baal, and caused my people Israel to err.
14In the prophets of Jerusalem also I have seen a horrible thing: they commit adultery, and walk in lies; and they strengthen the hands of evil-doers, so that none doth return from his wickedness: they are all of them become unto me as Sodom, and the inhabitants thereof as Gomorrah.
15Therefore thus saith Jehovah of hosts concerning the prophets: Behold, I will feed them with wormwood, and make them drink the water of gall; for from the prophets of Jerusalem is ungodliness gone forth into all the land.
16Thus saith Jehovah of hosts, Hearken not unto the words of the prophets that prophesy unto you: they teach you vanity; they speak a vision of their own heart, and not out of the mouth of Jehovah.
17They say continually unto them that despise me, Jehovah hath said, Ye shall have peace; and unto every one that walketh in the stubbornness of his own heart they say, No evil shall come upon you.
18For who hath stood in the council of Jehovah, that he should perceive and hear his word? who hath marked my word, and heard it?
19Behold, the tempest of Jehovah, even his wrath, is gone forth, yea, a whirling tempest: it shall burst upon the head of the wicked.
20The anger of Jehovah shall not return, until he have executed, and till he have performed the intents of his heart: in the latter days ye shall understand it perfectly.
21I sent not these prophets, yet they ran: I spake not unto them, yet they prophesied.
22But if they had stood in my council, then had they caused my people to hear my words, and had turned them from their evil way, and from the evil of their doings.
23Am I a God at hand, saith Jehovah, and not a God afar off?
24Can any hide himself in secret places so that I shall not see him? saith Jehovah. Do not I fill heaven and earth? saith Jehovah.
25I have heard what the prophets have said, that prophesy lies in my name, saying, I have dreamed, I have dreamed.
26How long shall this be in the heart of the prophets that prophesy lies, even the prophets of the deceit of their own heart?
27that think to cause my people to forget my name by their dreams which they tell every man to his neighbor, as their fathers forgat my name for Baal.
28The prophet that hath a dream, let him tell a dream; and he that hath my word, let him speak my word faithfully. What is the straw to the wheat? saith Jehovah.
29Is not my word like fire? saith Jehovah; and like a hammer that breaketh the rock in pieces?
30Therefore, behold, I am against the prophets, saith Jehovah, that steal my words every one from his neighbor.
31Behold, I am against the prophets, saith Jehovah, that use their tongues, and say, He saith.
32Behold, I am against them that prophesy lying dreams, saith Jehovah, and do tell them, and cause my people to err by their lies, and by their vain boasting: yet I sent them not, nor commanded them; neither do they profit this people at all, saith Jehovah.
33And when this people, or the prophet, or a priest, shall ask thee, saying, What is the burden of Jehovah? then shalt thou say unto them, What burden! I will cast you off, saith Jehovah.
34And as for the prophet, and the priest, and the people, that shall say, The burden of Jehovah, I will even punish that man and his house.
35Thus shall ye say every one to his neighbor, and every one to his brother, What hath Jehovah answered? and, What hath Jehovah spoken?
36And the burden of Jehovah shall ye mention no more: for every man's own word shall be his burden; for ye have perverted the words of the living God, of Jehovah of hosts our God.
37Thus shalt thou say to the prophet, What hath Jehovah answered thee? and, What hath Jehovah spoken?
38But if ye say, The burden of Jehovah; therefore thus saith Jehovah: Because ye say this word, The burden of Jehovah, and I have sent unto you, saying, Ye shall not say, The burden of Jehovah;
39therefore, behold, I will utterly forget you, and I will cast you off, and the city that I gave unto you and to your fathers, away from my presence:
40and I will bring an everlasting reproach upon you, and a perpetual shame, which shall not be forgotten.

