智慧篇 10——从亚当到摩西,智慧的拯救作为

一首回顾性的赞美诗,追溯智慧从亚当到出埃及记期间对义人的保护,将她对忠信者的拯救与不敬虔者的毁灭相对照。

智慧篇

第10章

  1. 1.从亚当到摩西的智慧工作 智慧保护了世界的第一位父親,当他独自被创造时;她从他的过犯中拯救了他;The Work of Wisdom from Adam to Moses Wisdom protected the first-formed father of the world, when he alone had been created; she delivered him from his transgression,
  2. 2.并使他能掌管万有。and gave him strength to rule all things.
  3. 3.但当不义之人因愤怒离开她时,他就因愤怒杀死了他的兄弟而灭亡。But when an unrighteous man departed from her in his anger, he perished because in rage he slew his brother.
  4. 4.当洪水因为他而淹没大地时,智慧再次拯救了大地,通过一块微小的木头引导了义人。When the earth was flooded because of him, wisdom again saved it, steering the righteous man by a paltry piece of wood.
  5. 5.智慧也一样,当各国陷入邪恶的协议而混乱不堪时,智慧认出了义人,并使他在神面前无辜,并在他对孩子的怜悯面前使他坚强。Wisdom also, when the nations in wicked agreement had been confounded, recognized the righteous man and preserved him blameless before God, and kept him strong in the face of his compassion for his child.
  6. 6.智慧救了一个义人,当不虔诚的人灭亡的时候,他逃脱了降临到五城的火。Wisdom rescued a righteous man when the ungodly were perishing; he escaped the fire that descended on the Five Cities.
  7. 7.他们的邪恶仍有证据:一片不断冒烟的荒地,长着果实不能成熟的植物,还有一根盐柱作为不信的灵魂的纪念碑。Evidence of their wickedness still remains: a continually smoking wasteland, plants bearing fruit that does not ripen, and a pillar of salt standing as a monument to an unbelieving soul.
  8. 8.因为他们忽视了智慧,不仅阻碍了他们认识善良,而且也为人类留下了他们的愚蠢的提醒,这样他们的失败就永远不会被忽视。For because they passed wisdom by, they not only were hindered from recognizing the good, but also left for mankind a reminder of their folly, so that their failures could never go unnoticed.
  9. 9.智慧救了侍奉她的人脱离了困境。Wisdom rescued from troubles those who served her.
  10. 10.当义人逃避兄弟的愤怒时,她引导他走在正直的道路上,她向他显明了神的国,给他知道天使的知识,她使他劳碌得成,就增加了他勤劳的果效。When a righteous man fled from his brother’s wrath, she guided him on straight paths; she showed him the kingdom of God, and gave him knowledge of angels; she prospered him in his labors, and increased the fruit of his toil.
  11. 11.当他的压迫者贪婪的时候,她站在他身边,使他富足。When his oppressors were covetous, she stood by him and made him rich.
  12. 12.她保护他免受敌人的伤害,并使他免于埋伏者之害,在他艰难的争斗中,她使他得胜,好使他知道虔诚比什么都强大。She protected him from his enemies, and kept him safe from those who lay in wait for him; in his arduous contest she gave him the victory, so that he might learn that godliness is more powerful than anything.
  13. 13.当义人被卖的时候,智慧没有离弃他,反而救他脱离了罪恶。她与他一同下到监狱,When a righteous man was sold, wisdom did not desert him, but delivered him from sin. She descended with him into the dungeon,
  14. 14.当他被囚禁时,她没有离开他,直到她为他带来王国的权杖和对主人的权柄。她使指控他的人被证明是虚假的,并给予他永恒的荣耀。and when he was in prison she did not leave him, until she brought him the scepter of a kingdom and authority over his masters. Those who accused him she showed to be false, and she gave him everlasting honor.
  15. 15.智慧引领以色列人出埃及 一个圣洁的民族和无瑕的种族,智慧从压迫者的国家中拯救了他们。Wisdom Led the Israelites out of Egypt A holy people and blameless race wisdom delivered from a nation of oppressors.
  16. 16.她进入了上帝的仆人灵魂之中,并以奇迹和神迹抵挡了可怕的君王。She entered the soul of a servant of the Lord, and withstood dread kings with wonders and signs.
  17. 17.她给圣洁的人以劳动的报酬,她引导他们走在奇妙的道路上,白天成为他们的庇护所,夜晚成为他们的星光烈火。She gave holy men the reward of their labors; she guided them along a marvelous way, and became a shelter to them by day, and a starry flame through the night.
  18. 18.她带领他们过红海,引导他们穿过深水;She brought them over the Red Sea, and led them through deep waters;
  19. 19.但她淹没了她的敌人,并从海的深处把他们抛出来。but she drowned their enemies, and cast them up from the depth of the sea.
  20. 20.因此义人掠夺了不虔之人,他们唱诗赞美你,主啊,赞美你的圣名,并齐心称赞你那保护他们的手,Therefore the righteous plundered the ungodly; they sang hymns, O Lord, to thy holy name, and praised with one accord thy defending hand,
  21. 21.因为智慧开启了哑巴的口,且使婴孩的舌头清楚地说出话来。because wisdom opened the mouth of the dumb, and made the tongues of babes speak clearly.

这段经文的意思

智慧篇 10 是一幅历史全景,其中被拟人化的智慧在世代相继中作为义人不变的守护者而行动。本章从独自被造并从过犯中被拯救的亚当(1 节)开始,到因在愤怒中离开智慧而灭亡的该隐(3 节),再到智慧借着驾驭'一块微不足头的木头'在洪水中拯救的诺亚(4 节)。每一个小场景都将一位被智慧保全的忠信者与一位其毁灭成为永久鉴戒的不敬虔者相对照。

6–8 节转向五城,智慧从降于所多玛的火中拯救了一位义人。冒烟的荒地、未能成熟之果实与盐柱(7 节)至今仍是可见的提醒——越过智慧而行,会使一个民族无法识别良善(8 节)。9 节的叠句——'智慧拯救了服事她的那些脱离患难的人'——印证了这一教训:紧紧依附智慧的必得保守,而拒绝她的必在其愚妄中被铭记。

后半部分(10–21 节)将此模式从个人延展到一个民族。雅各被引导走上正直的道路,并被指示'神的国'与'天使的知识'(10 节);约瑟在牢狱中并未被丢弃,而被领至'国度的权杖'(13–14 节)。最终,智慧进入主的仆人的心中,凭神迹抵挡君王,白天引导以色列,夜间如星火照耀(16–17 节),分开红海、淹没敌人,甚至'使哑巴开口'(21 节)。本章因此将出埃及记框定为敬虔比任何权势都更有力的高潮性彰显(12 节)。

背景

随文本提供的章节注释指出,智慧篇 10 是被回填到 P0/P1 之外各章之中的,未附额外的评注。在本章内部,所提供的注释除这一标签之外,没有给出单独的经节层面或章节层面的说明。

智慧篇 10 在所提供文本中是一段连贯的叙事,没有分段标记;它依赖读者辨认族长与出埃及记中的关键人物(亚当、该隐、诺亚、五城、雅各、约瑟、摩西、红海),以此识别各个段落,因为本章本身仅以'一位义人'、'主的仆人'、'五城'等笼统称谓来命名这些角色。

常见问题

智慧篇 10 的结构是怎样的?

本章分为两半:1–9 节综观从亚当到五城的个人人物,并以智慧拯救了服事她的人的总结作结;10–21 节将此模式延展到雅各、约瑟与出埃及记,以渡过红海与被救赎者之歌作为高潮。

本章中未被指明的人物是谁?

文本仅以其角色来指称其人物:'世界之首生的父'(亚当)、杀害'他兄弟'的'不义之人'(该隐与亚伯)、借木头被引导的'义人'(诺亚)、五城中被救之人(罗得)、被指示神之国度而逃离的义人(雅各)、被出卖下监的义人(约瑟),以及抵挡君王的'主的仆人'(摩西)。

智慧篇 10 如何描绘智慧本身?

智慧被拟人化为一位积极的守护者:她将亚当从过犯中拯救出来,引导诺亚的方舟,从五城的火中救出义人,在正直的道路上指引雅各,下到约瑟的牢狱,进入摩西的心中以抵挡君王,并在白昼如庇护所、夜间如星火般引领以色列。本章将智慧框定为每次拯救背后不变的中保者,并表明敬虔比任何敌对权势都更为强大。

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