BIBLE CHAPTER STUDY
Psalms 107 — Thanksgiving for God's Repeated Deliverance
A call to the redeemed to praise God's enduring steadfast love, followed by four scenes of distress and deliverance, closing with God's sovereignty over creation and nations.
Scripture
1O give thanks unto Jehovah; For he is good; For his lovingkindness endureth for ever.
2Let the redeemed of Jehovah say so, Whom he hath redeemed from the hand of the adversary,
3And gathered out of the lands, From the east and from the west, From the north and from the south.
4They wandered in the wilderness in a desert way; They found no city of habitation.
5Hungry and thirsty, Their soul fainted in them.
6Then they cried unto Jehovah in their trouble, And he delivered them out of their distresses,
7He led them also by a straight way, That they might go to a city of habitation.
8Oh that men would praise Jehovah for his lovingkindness, And for his wonderful works to the children of men!
9For he satisfieth the longing soul, And the hungry soul he filleth with good.
10Such as sat in darkness and in the shadow of death, Being bound in affliction and iron,
11Because they rebelled against the words of God, And contemned the counsel of the Most High:
12Therefore he brought down their heart with labor; They fell down, and there was none to help.
13Then they cried unto Jehovah in their trouble, And he saved them out of their distresses.
14He brought them out of darkness and the shadow of death, And brake their bonds in sunder.
15Oh that men would praise Jehovah for his lovingkindness, And for his wonderful works to the children of men!
16For he hath broken the gates of brass, And cut the bars of iron in sunder.
17Fools because of their transgression, And because of their iniquities, are afflicted.
18Their soul abhorreth all manner of food; And they draw near unto the gates of death.
19Then they cry unto Jehovah in their trouble, And he saveth them out of their distresses.
20He sendeth his word, and healeth them, And delivereth them from their destructions.
21Oh that men would praise Jehovah for his lovingkindness, And for his wonderful works to the children of men!
22And let them offer the sacrifices of thanksgiving, And declare his works with singing.
23They that go down to the sea in ships, That do business in great waters;
24These see the works of Jehovah, And his wonders in the deep.
25For he commandeth, and raiseth the stormy wind, Which lifteth up the waves thereof.
26They mount up to the heavens, they go down again to the depths: Their soul melteth away because of trouble.
27They reel to and fro, and stagger like a drunken man, And are at their wits' end.
28Then they cry unto Jehovah in their trouble, And he bringeth them out of their distresses.
29He maketh the storm a calm, So that the waves thereof are still.
30Then are they glad because they are quiet; So he bringeth them unto their desired haven.
31Oh that men would praise Jehovah for his lovingkindness, And for his wonderful works to the children of men!
32Let them exalt him also in the assembly of the people, And praise him in the seat of the elders.
33He turneth rivers into a wilderness, And watersprings into a thirsty ground;
34A fruitful land into a salt desert, For the wickedness of them that dwell therein.
35He turneth a wilderness into a pool of water, And a dry land into watersprings.
36And there he maketh the hungry to dwell, That they may prepare a city of habitation,
37And sow fields, and plant vineyards, And get them fruits of increase.
38He blesseth them also, so that they are multiplied greatly; And he suffereth not their cattle to decrease.
39Again, they are diminished and bowed down Through oppression, trouble, and sorrow.
40He poureth contempt upon princes, And causeth them to wander in the waste, where there is no way.
41Yet setteth he the needy on high from affliction, And maketh him families like a flock.
42The upright shall see it, and be glad; And all iniquity shall stop her mouth.
43Whoso is wise will give heed to these things; And they will consider the lovingkindnesses of Jehovah.
What this passage means
Psalms 107 opens with a twofold call: 'give thanks unto Jehovah' because 'he is good' and because 'his lovingkindness endureth for ever.' The rest of the chapter illustrates that declaration. The 'redeemed of Jehovah' are those gathered 'from the east and from the west, from the north and from the south,' establishing that the praise God seeks is the testimony of those who have personally experienced His rescue from 'the hand of the adversary.'
Four vignettes then unfold, each sharing the same pattern: human distress, a cry to Jehovah in trouble, divine intervention, and a concluding summons to praise. Wandering refugees find a city of habitation (vv. 4–9); prisoners bound in iron are freed from darkness and the shadow of death (vv. 10–16); fools brought near death's gates are healed when God 'sendeth his word' (vv. 17–22); and sailors caught in a furious storm are calmed and brought to their 'desired haven' (vv. 23–32). The repetition of 'Oh that men would praise Jehovah for his lovingkindness' after each scene turns each deliverance into a congregational refrain.
The final movement (vv. 33–43) broadens the lens from individuals to nations and the land itself. God turns fertile ground into salt desert because of wickedness, yet also turns wilderness into pools of water; He humbles princes but lifts the needy. The psalm closes by inviting the wise to 'give heed to these things' and 'consider the lovingkindnesses of Jehovah,' framing the whole chapter as a wisdom text whose central lesson is that steadfast love is the consistent pattern behind both judgment and restoration.
Context
The curated chapter note records that Psalms 107 is part of the backfilled chapters outside P0/P1, indicating it is part of the broader canonical collection of David's psalms and post-exilic hymns. No specific context_before or context_after verses are supplied, so the psalm must be read on its own terms: a self-contained hymn of thanksgiving shaped as a wisdom liturgy.
Within the psalm itself the four vignettes are framed by the same Hebrew refrain (vv. 8, 15, 21, 31) and bookended by the gathering of exiles from the four directions (v. 3) and the concluding call for the wise to reflect on God's deeds (v. 43). This internal architecture—the matching refrain, the symmetrical distress–cry–salvation pattern, and the widening scope from individuals to nations—gives the chapter its cohesive shape.
Key words in the original
- H2617 chesed (steadfast love): the covenant loyalty and merciful kindness of God that 'endureth for ever.' This Hebrew term, recurring in vv. 1, 8, 15, 21, 31, and 43, is the theological center of the psalm and the reason for the repeated summons to praise.
- H1350 ga'al (redeemed): a kinship term denoting the next of kin who buys back a relative. Applied to God in vv. 2–3, it frames the praise of Psalms 107 not as a general thankfulness but as the testimony of those whom God personally ransomed from the adversary.
- H2896 tob (good): paired with chesed in v. 1, 'he is good.' The combination establishes the moral character of God as the foundation of the call to give thanks before any specific acts of deliverance are even described.
Related verses
- Matthew 8:8 The centurion's confession 'only say the word, and my servant shall be healed' echoes v. 20, where God 'sendeth his word, and healeth them,' showing that the creative, life-giving word praised in Psalms 107 is the same word by which Jesus heals from a distance.
- Psalms 103:3 'Who forgiveth all thine iniquities; Who healeth all thy diseases' parallels the third vignette (vv. 17–22), where fools are afflicted for their transgression and then healed when God sends His word; Psalms 103:3 personalizes this divine pattern.
- Psalms 147:15 'He sendeth out his commandment upon earth; His word runneth very swiftly' directly extends v. 20, where God's word is the agent of healing, and pairs with the calming of the storm in vv. 23–32, where the same word that heals also orders the chaotic waters.
Common questions
Why does Psalms 107 repeat the same refrain four times?
The refrain 'Oh that men would praise Jehovah for his lovingkindness' (vv. 8, 15, 21, 31) follows each of the four vignettes, turning each scene of deliverance into an independent call to worship. The repetition functions liturgically so that the gathered congregation can respond after every testimony, and rhetorically to make the point that each category of distress—wandering, bondage, sickness, and storm—is resolved by the same steadfast love.
What are the four groups of people portrayed in distress?
The psalm depicts (1) wanderers in the desert who are hungry and thirsty (vv. 4–9), (2) prisoners sitting in darkness and the shadow of death, bound in affliction and iron (vv. 10–16), (3) fools brought near death's gates by their transgression (vv. 17–22), and (4) sailors caught in a stormy sea, at their wits' end (vv. 23–32). In each case they 'cry unto Jehovah in their trouble' and are delivered.
Why does the psalm end with a call for the wise to 'consider the lovingkindnesses of Jehovah' (v. 43)?
Because the preceding narratives show that God's acts of judgment (rivers into wilderness, vv. 33–34) and acts of restoration (wilderness into pool, vv. 35–38) are governed by the same steadfast love, the closing verse invites the reader to read history theologically. 'Being wise' in this psalm means recognizing that chesed is the consistent pattern behind both hardship and deliverance, and responding with the praise commanded throughout the chapter.