《便西拉智训》24章——智慧的自述与居住在以色列

拟人化的智慧宣告她神圣的起源,在以色列扎根作为耶和华的基业,如芬芳的树木般繁盛,邀请寻求者来吃她、喝她所结的果实,最终被认同为摩西的律法。

德训篇

第24章

  1. 1.智慧将自我赞美,并在她的人民中间夸耀自己。Wisdom will praise herself, and will glory in the midst of her people.
  2. 2.在至高者的集会中,她将开口,在他的军队面前,她将夸耀:In the assembly of the Most High she will open her mouth, and in the presence of his host she will glory:
  3. 3.我从至高者的口中出来,像雾一样覆盖大地。“I came forth from the mouth of the Most High, and covered the earth like a mist.
  4. 4.我住在高处,我的宝座在云柱中。I dwelt in high places, and my throne was in a pillar of cloud.
  5. 5.独自我游历过天空的穹顶,也曾行走在深渊的深处。Alone I have made the circuit of the vault of heaven and have walked in the depths of the abyss.
  6. 6.在海的波浪中,在全地上,以及在各人和各国中,我都得了产业。In the waves of the sea, in the whole earth, and in every people and nation I have gotten a possession.
  7. 7.在这一切之中,我寻求一个安息之处,我寻求在谁的境界里我可以寄居。Among all these I sought a resting place; I sought in whose territory I might lodge.
  8. 8.“那时,万物的创造主吩咐我,造我的那位指定我帐幕的位置。他说,‘你要在雅各中居住,在以色列中承受你的产业。’”“Then the Creator of all things gave me a commandment, and the one who created me assigned a place for my tent. And he said, ‘Make your dwelling in Jacob, and in Israel receive your inheritance.’
  9. 9.从永恒中,在开始时,他创造了我,直到永远,我都不会停止存在。From eternity, in the beginning, he created me, and for eternity I shall not cease to exist.
  10. 10.我在圣所中侍奉他,因此我在锡安得以坚立。In the holy tabernacle I ministered before him, and so I was established in Zion.
  11. 11.在所爱的城里,他也给我一个安息的地方,在耶路撒冷就是我的统治。In the beloved city likewise he gave me a resting place, and in Jerusalem was my dominion.
  12. 12.于是,我在受尊敬的民中扎根,在耶和华的份中,因为这是他们的产业。So I took root in an honored people, in the portion of the Lord, who is their inheritance.
  13. 13.我像黎巴嫩的香柏树一样长大,也像黑门山的柏树一样。“I grew tall like a cedar in Leb′anon, and like a cypress on the heights of Hermon.
  14. 14.我在恩革迪像棕榈树一样长大,在耶利哥像玫瑰丛一样,在田野里像美丽的橄榄树一样长大,我像一棵白蜡树一样长大。I grew tall like a palm tree in En-ged′i, and like rose plants in Jericho; like a beautiful olive tree in the field, and like a plane tree I grew tall.
  15. 15.我像桂皮和骆驼荆一样发出香气,如同上等的没药,我散发着令人愉悦的香气,像乳香、没药和香膏,像在圣所中焚烧的乳香一样发出香气。Like cassia and camel’s thorn I gave forth the aroma of spices, and like choice myrrh I spread a pleasant odor, like gal′banum, on′ycha, and stacte, and like the fragrance of frankincense in the tabernacle.
  16. 16.我像松树一样伸展我的枝子,我的枝子荣美有德。Like a terebinth I spread out my branches, and my branches are glorious and graceful.
  17. 17.我像葡萄树一样,使可爱之物萌芽,我的花开得荣美,结果丰富。Like a vine I caused loveliness to bud, and my blossoms became glorious and abundant fruit.
  18. 19.“你们这些渴慕我的人,来到我这里,吃饱我的出产。“Come to me, you who desire me, and eat your fill of my produce.
  19. 20.记念我比蜜甜,我的遗产比蜂房更甜。For the remembrance of me is sweeter than honey, and my inheritance sweeter than the honeycomb.
  20. 21.吃我的人会更加饥饿,喝我的人会更加渴望。Those who eat me will hunger for more, and those who drink me will thirst for more.
  21. 22.凡听从我的,不会蒙羞;与我同工的,也不会有罪。Whoever obeys me will not be put to shame, and those who work with my help will not sin.”
  22. 23.智慧和律法 这一切都是至高上帝的盟约书,是摩西传给我们雅各会众作为遗产的律法。Wisdom and the Law All this is the book of the covenant of the Most High God, the law which Moses commanded us as an inheritance for the congregations of Jacob.
  23. 25.它使人充满智慧,像比逊河一样,像收初熟果子的时节的底格里斯河一样。It fills men with wisdom, like the Pishon, and like the Tigris at the time of the first fruits.
  24. 26.使他们充满了悟性,像幼发拉底河一样,像收获季节的约旦河一样。It makes them full of understanding, like the Euphrates, and like the Jordan at harvest time.
  25. 27.使训诫发光如光,像割葡萄的时候的基训河。It makes instruction shine forth like light, like the Gihon at the time of vintage.
  26. 28.就像第一人尚未完全了解她,最后一个人也没有完全领悟她;Just as the first man did not know her perfectly, the last one has not fathomed her;
  27. 29.她的心思比海还广阔,她的谋略比大深渊还深。for her thought is more abundant than the sea, and her counsel deeper than the great abyss.
  28. 30.我像河流中的运河一样,像水渠进入园中。I went forth like a canal from a river and like a water channel into a garden.
  29. 31.我说:“我要浇灌我的葡萄园,浇透我的花园。”却不知不觉我的水渠变成河,我的河又变成海。I said, “I will water my orchard and drench my garden plot”; and lo, my canal became a river, and my river became a sea.
  30. 32.我又要使教训发如晨光,远远地使人明白;I will again make instruction shine forth like the dawn, and I will make it shine afar;
  31. 33.我将再次倾倒教诲,如同预言,并将其留给所有后代。I will again pour out teaching like prophecy, and leave it to all future generations.
  32. 34.请注意,我所做的不仅是为自己,也是为所有寻求教诲的人。Observe that I have not labored for myself alone, but for all who seek instruction.

这段经文的意思

《便西拉智训》24章将智慧塑造为一个自我言说的形象,在至高者的会众中开口,宣称神圣的起源说:'我从至高者的口中而出,如雾气覆盖大地。'智慧在天军面前发言,宣告云端宝座的归属,描述她穿越天空、深渊、海洋以及万国万民的过程,最后被指定居住在雅各家中,以色列中为基业。

中段描绘智慧在尊贵的子民——耶和华的产业——中扎根,通过一系列来自这片土地的树木与植物的鲜明意象而长高:黎巴嫩的香柏、黑门的柏树、隐基底的棕树、耶利哥的玫瑰丛、橄榄树与法国梧桐,以及芬芳的香料。随后智慧发出邀请:'凡渴慕我的,来到我这里,吃我果子的必得饱足,'并应许记念她比蜂蜜更甘甜,遵从她的人必不至羞愧。

本章末尾将一切所述等同于约书,并等同摩西所吩咐作为雅各会众产业的律法。智慧被比作大大小小的河流——比逊河、底格里斯河、幼发拉底河、约旦河与基顺河——并宣称她的教导将如黎明般光辉照耀,传留给万代后人。

背景

《便西拉智训》24章属于七十士译本的智慧传统,章题将本章呈现为'智慧之赞'。本章本身将智慧的话语置于天上会众的场景中,随后置于以色列地,从宇宙性的范围——天空、深渊、海洋、万国——转向一个具体的位置:圣幕、锡安城,以及所爱的耶路撒冷城。本章最后将其内容命名为约书,并等同为赐给雅各会众的摩西律法。

常见问题

《便西拉智训》24:1-22中谁在说话?

智慧亲自说话。她在至高者的会众中开口,宣称自己'从至高者的口中而出',后来被描述为扎根于以色列,并邀请寻求者来品尝她所结的果实。

智慧为何将自己比作树木与香料?

树木的目录——香柏、柏树、棕树、橄榄树、法国梧桐——以及芬芳的香料,将智慧具体定位于以色列地(黎巴嫩、黑门、隐基底、耶利哥)。这些意象描绘智慧如栽种的植物般繁盛生长,同时散发出令人愉悦的芬芳。

本章如何结尾?它将智慧等同于什么?

本章最后将智慧所说的一切命名为'至高上帝的约书,摩西为我们所吩咐作为雅各会众产业的律法',并将智慧比作大大小小的河流与黎明,应许她的教导将光照万代后人。

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